1. Working principle of resistance load bank

• Structural composition: The resistance load bank is mainly composed of transformer, voltage regulator, resistor, controller, protection device and other parts. Transformer and voltage regulator are used to adjust the input voltage and current to the appropriate level; resistor is the core of the load bank and is used to simulate various load characteristics; controller is responsible for monitoring and controlling the working state of the load bank; protection device cuts off the power supply under abnormal conditions to ensure safety.

• Working principle: The resistance load bank simulates different load characteristics by changing the resistance value of the resistor. When the power supply voltage is applied to the load bank, the resistance load absorbs the power output of the power supply and converts it into heat energy to dissipate. By measuring the relationship between current and voltage, the impedance and power parameters of the load bank can be accurately calculated12.

• Load characteristic simulation: The resistance load bank can simulate a variety of load characteristics, such as constant power load, constant current load, constant voltage load, etc. By adjusting the resistance value of the resistor, accurate simulation of these different load characteristics can be achieved to meet various test requirements1.

• Working process: The working process of the resistor load bank includes receiving instructions from the controller and adjusting the resistance value of the resistor; monitoring the working status of the load bank, such as current, voltage, power, etc.; adjusting the resistance value of the resistor in real time according to the monitored data to simulate the load characteristics; in abnormal conditions, such as excessive current, excessive temperature, etc., triggering the protection device, cutting off the power supply, and ensuring the safety of equipment and personnel.

2. Working principle of other types of load banks

In addition to the resistor load bank, there are other types of load banks such as inductive load banks. Inductive load banks use the inductive effect of inductive elements in AC circuits to simulate different loads by adjusting the size and connection method of inductance. This type of load bank is mainly used to test the performance of inductive elements and power supplies.

3. Main functions of load banks

• Balance load current and voltage: The load bank can automatically adjust the opening and closing of switches and the transformation ratio of transformers according to the load conditions of the power system to ensure that the current and voltage of the power system are within a safe range.

• Improve the stability of the power system: By balancing the load current and voltage, the load bank can reduce fluctuations and interference in the power system and improve the stability of the power system.

• Protect equipment: When the load of the power system exceeds the safe range, the load bank can automatically cut off part of the load to protect the equipment from damage.

In summary, the load bank can accurately simulate various load characteristics and realize the measurement and testing of the performance of power system equipment through the coordinated work of its internal resistors, controllers, protection devices and other components. At the same time, the load bank also has important functions such as balancing load current and voltage, improving the stability of the power system, and protecting equipment.